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来源:彩神ap网址2024-08-26 17:48

  

中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

  中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄

  由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

  麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

  一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

  此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

  作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。

  美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

  这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。

  从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

  两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

  House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

  (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

  The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

  Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

  On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

  On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

  Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

  As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

  But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

  CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

  This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

  Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

  From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

  Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

  The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

                                                                              彩神apapp

                                                                              “冲门”上地铁被卡 乘客因此扭了腰,责任谁担?******

                                                                                “冲门”上地铁被卡 乘客因此扭了腰,责任谁担?

                                                                                张建波

                                                                                地铁车门关闭的提示音已经响起,李某(化姓)却一个健步冲进了车厢,谁知随身携带的拖车被车门夹住,在用力拉拽拖车的过程中,李某腰部拉伤。为此,李某将地铁公司诉至无锡市梁溪法院。案件承办法官2月1日接受了记者采访。

                                                                                扬子晚报/紫牛新闻记者 张建波

                                                                                强行“冲门”未果还受了伤 乘客起诉地铁赔偿

                                                                                2021年6月,无锡市民李某和往常一样,拉着买菜用的拖车去坐地铁。到达站台时,地铁车内的提示小灯已经闪烁并已响起提示音,车厢警示灯一并亮起。

                                                                                为了不错过这趟地铁,李某急忙拉着拖车快步跑入车厢。当李某跨入车厢的瞬间,车厢门开始关闭,但其拖车未完全进入车厢,导致车门两次试图关闭都被拖车阻挡,在门即将合拢时被迅速弹开。

                                                                                在此过程中,李某因用力拉拽拖车,腰部受伤,经诊断为腰椎骨折,花费医疗费2.8万余元。经司法鉴定,李某伤势构成九级伤残。李某认为,地铁公司作为管理者,未尽到安全保障义务,造成他人损害,应当承担赔偿责任,故李某向法院提起诉讼。

                                                                                地铁方面已尽“义务”法院驳回诉求

                                                                                法院查明,李某是在已经响起提示音并闪烁警示灯的同时冒险快步拖车进入车厢的,其进入车厢的瞬间与车门关闭的间隔在1至2秒内,李某因拖车未完全进入车厢,被车厢门夹住而受力受伤。

                                                                                事发站台门显眼处张贴有“门灯闪烁,请勿上车”的安全标识,候车区公告栏张贴有《轨道交通乘客守则》,载明:“列车关门提示警铃鸣响时或者警示灯闪烁时,禁止上下车。”上述守则,在事发车站共张贴13处。

                                                                                法院认为,地铁公司作为地铁运营、服务企业,通过张贴安全标识、《轨道交通乘客守则》等多种方式对乘客进行了安全提示,对车厢关门也设置了合理流程即在关门前会响起提示音并同时闪烁警示灯,故地铁公司已经尽到了可预见、可预防的防护措施。同时,李某作为完全民事行为能力人,无视安全警示、疏于自身安全的注意义务,对此发生损害的应当由其自行承担。

                                                                                最后,法院判决驳回李某的诉讼请求。李某提起上诉,二审维持原判。

                                                                                公共场所要尽安全保障义务 担责是有前提的

                                                                                案件承办法官李琪霖受访时称,《民法典》第一千一百九十八条规定:车站、机场、体育场馆等经营场所、公共场所的经营者、管理者或者群众性活动的组织者,未尽到安全保障义务,造成他人损害的,应当承担侵权责任。

                                                                                但需要注意的是,对于上述法律规定不能片面地理解为“只要事故发生在公共场所或经营场所,经营者或管理者就必须承担责任”,因为经营者、管理者承担责任的前提是“未尽到安全保障义务”。而纵观该案,地铁公司在安全保障义务上未有过错,无需担责。

                                                                                法官提醒,一方面,广大乘客应养成良好的出行习惯,“冲门、抢门”不仅不能节约时间,还可能发生事故,得不偿失;另一方面,地铁公司应抓好管理环节,最大限度保障乘客的生命安全。

                                                                                (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎)

                                                                              [责编:天天中]
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